安藤忠雄的几何方法论

安藤以其执着的信念,具有标识性的几何手法,抵达了“纯粹空间”的彼岸,成功营造了人类精神的乌托邦.就安藤如何将几何学提升为方法论,使其作品具有一种超越国界、超越时间的魅力,结合最新实例做出简要分析.     

张拉整体结构静力性能的参数分析

应用非线性有限元理论,对预应力态和荷载态的张拉整体结构进行了分析。将结构离散为空间索和杆单元,考虑单元的几何非线性,建立了近20个模型,分别就两种工况进行了大量计算。研究了几何外形、预应力、跨度、矢跨比等参数对结构非线性的影响程度,并把线性与非线性结果进行了比较,得出了有益的结论,为结构的动力分析奠定了基础。     

住宅生活给水管网水力计算程序设计

根据住宅建筑给水管网的水流特点及其水头损失计算公式 ,确定了采用有限元法分析住宅建筑给水管网水力平衡计算的数学模型 ,将各个管段的单元矩阵方程集合为供水管网的整体矩阵方程 ,通过引入节点水压边界条件并求解管网整体矩阵方程——对称正定线性方程组 ,得出各项水力要素。给出了计算程序框图 ,编写了通用电算程序 ,经实例计算表明 ,能够快捷准确地完成住宅建筑给水管网的水力平衡计算 ,满足设计计算要求。     

某空间钢框架的非线性有限元分析

针对某空间钢框架设计和运用中所出现的问题，在考虑几何非线性的基础上，采用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其进行有限元分析，从而明确其变形性能，以改进设计和指导其运用。     

用CFD方法研究空气通过缝隙的渗透

通过模拟计算，得到不同缝隙高度下渗透空气量与缝隙两侧压差的函数关系式，以及流量因数、缝隙局部阻力系数与缝隙几何特性量的函数关系式。实验验证了CFD模拟计算结果的可靠性。给出了负压病房和相邻洁净区域压差的推荐值。     

The Influence of Tunnel Geometry and Ventilation on the Heat Release Rate of a Fire

It has occasionally been observed that fires in tunnels appear to be significantly more severe than fires in the open air. A literature review has been carried out, comparing heat release data from fires in tunnels with heat release data from similar fires in the open air. A Bayesian methodology has been used to investigate the geometrical factors that have the greatest influence on heat release rate. It is shown that the heat release rate of a fire in a tunnel is influenced primarily by the width of a tunnel; a fire will tend to have a higher heat release rate in a narrow tunnel rather than in a wide tunnel. The observed relationship between heat release rate and tunnel width is presented. Results from a study investigating the variation of heat release rate with ventilation velocity for fires in tunnels are also presented. A method for making realistic estimates of the heat release rates of fires in tunnels, based on these results, is presented.     

Seismic performance analysis of Tibetan rubble stone walls based on irregular block geometry indexes

为量化不规则毛石墙体几何指标(块体形状、块体尺寸、水平和竖向接缝)对其抗震性能的影响，对3片1/2缩尺的传统藏式毛石墙体进行低周往复荷载试验，获得其典型破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线等抗震性能参数。基于藏式毛石墙体的不规则构造特征和块体形状，结合灰色理论建立不规则块体面积、周长等9个形状参数与墙体地震响应特征的关联度。研究结果表明：低周往复荷载下块材几何尺寸对墙体抗震性能的影响最大；大块石组砌的墙体抗剪刚度和承载力均较大，且墙体规则性和质量等级较好、抗震性能更优。确定了量化藏式毛石墙体抗震性能的几何指标的方法，可用于评价藏式毛石墙体的基本受力性能。     

短肢剪力墙在小高层住宅中的应用

介绍了一种适用于小高层住宅建筑的短肢剪力墙体系，简述了这种体系的结构特点以及结构布置的一般原则，结合具体的工程实例，对其设计方法进行了探讨。     

Bayer阵列图像去马赛克算法综述

Bayer阵列图像去马赛克技术是对稀疏采样的Bayer阵列图像进行RGB信息重建,图像重建质量是成像设备评价的重要因素之一,同时也对其他计算机视觉任务(如图像分割、人脸识别)产生影响。随着深度学习方法的快速发展,图像去马赛克领域提出了多种高性能算法。为了便于研究者更全面了解图像去马赛克算法的原理和研究进展,本文对该领域的经典算法和深度学习算法进行综述。首先对Bayer采样阵列原理和图像去马赛克技术进行概述。然后将现有方法分为传统方法和基于深度学习方法两类进行总结,同时根据去马赛克任务是否具有独立性,将深度学习方法分为独立去马赛克任务和联合去马赛克任务两类,分析不同方法的原理和优缺点,重点阐述基于深度学习的去马赛克方法的网络结构和重建机理,介绍去马赛克领域常用的公共数据集和性能评价指标,并对图像去马赛克相关实验进行分析对比。最后,围绕网络深度、运算效率和实用性等方面分析了现阶段图像去马赛克技术面临的挑战及未来发展方向。目前,基于深度学习的图像去马赛克方法已成为主流发展方向,但仍然存在计算成本较高、实际应用性不强等问题。因此,如何开发出重建精度高、处理时间短以及实用性强的图像去马赛克方法,是该领域未来重要的研究方向。     

Efficient electricity production and simultaneously wastewater treatment via a high-performance photocatalytic fuel cell

A great quantity of wastewater were discharged into water body, causing serious environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the organic compounds in wastewater are important sources of energy. In this work, a high-performance short TiO₂ nanotube array (STNA) electrode was applied as photoanode material in a novel photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) system for electricity production and simultaneously wastewater treatment. The results of current work demonstrate that various model compounds as well as real wastewater samples can be used as substrates for the PFC system. As a representative of model compounds, the acetic acid solution produces the highest cell performance with short-circuit current density 1.42 mA cm⁻², open-circuit voltage 1.48 V and maximum power density output 0.67 mW cm⁻². The STNA photoanode reveals obviously enhanced cell performance compared with TiO₂ nanoparticulate film electrode or other long nanotubes electrode. Moreover, the photoanode material, electrolyte concentration, pH of the initial solution, and cathode material were found to be important factors influencing the system performance of PFC. Therefore, the proposed fuel cell system provides a novel way of energy conversion and effective disposal mode of organics and serves well as a promising technology for wastewater treatment.